Gross Motor Skills: Building Strength, Balance and Coordination

What are gross motor skills?

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Gross motor skills involve the larger muscles of the body — helping children move, balance, coordinate and participate in physical play.

These skills form the foundation for confidence in sport, playground activities and daily movement.

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Signs a child may need support with gross motor skills

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You might notice:

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• Frequent tripping or bumping into objects
• Difficulty with climbing, balancing or jumping
• Low muscle tone or appearing “tired quickly”
• Avoiding physical play or sports
• Trouble catching, throwing or kicking balls

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Why gross motor skills are important

Strong gross motor skills help with:

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• Core strength and posture
• Sitting upright in class
• Physical confidence and safety
• Coordination for play and sport
• Attention and regulation

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Play-based activities to build gross motor skills

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• Obstacle courses — crawling, climbing, balancing
• Jumping on trampolines
• Animal walks — bear walk, crab walk, frog jumps
• Ball games
• Yoga or stretching
• Wheelbarrow walks
• Outdoor climbing and playground play

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Focus on fun — children are more likely to engage when activities are playful and meaningful.

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How occupational therapy can help

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OTs can:

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• Assess strength, coordination and balance
• Provide targeted exercises
• Support confidence in physical tasks
• Recommend school and home strategies

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You’re supporting your child beautifully

If gross motor challenges are getting in the way of school, play or confidence, we’d be happy to guide you.

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