What are fine motor skills?

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Fine motor skills involve the small muscles in the hands and fingers that support everyday activities, including:

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• Drawing and handwriting
• Using scissors
• Doing up buttons and zips
• Feeding and utensil use
• Manipulating small objects

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Strong fine motor skills are essential for independence at home and participation at school.

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Signs a child may need support with fine motor skills

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You might notice:

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• Difficulty holding or controlling a pencil
• Avoiding drawing or craft tasks
• Struggling to use cutlery or open containers
• Fatigue during writing
• Messy handwriting or incorrect pencil grip

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These are common challenges — and with the right support, children can improve significantly.

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OT-informed ways to build fine motor skills at home

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Strengthen the hands

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• Play dough or putty
• Squeezing sponges or spray bottles
• Opening jars or containers

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Improve dexterity

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• Beading
• Lego or construction toys
• Tweezers or tongs games

Support pre-writing skills

• Tracing shapes
• Vertical drawing on easels or windows
• Sand, shaving cream or sensory trays

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Make it playful

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Children learn best through meaningful, hands-on experiences — not worksheets.

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When to seek extra support

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If fine motor challenges are impacting your child’s confidence, schoolwork or independence, an occupational therapist can provide assessment and targeted strategies.

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